In a recent report, it emerges that two of three migrant workers are on welfare after 35 years in Norway, and the pattern repeats itself for new groups that come here.
The report from the three scientists Bent Bratsberg, Knut Røed and Raaum Oddbjørn the Frisch Centre was presented to the Welfare and Migration Committee today. Work on the report "Work Participation in the long term among different immigrant groups in Norway" is an extension of previous research in which they have seen on the level of employment, disability and social security among immigrants who arrived in the early 1970's.
Now they have taken several groups such as refugees from Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Somalia, Chile, Bosnia and Iraq. The findings from the early immigration repeated in new groups, they write in the new report.
After 10-15 years in the country falling employment, while more and more people are insured from 40 years of age and older.
Many have a relatively short professional career in Norway.
Ominous
The researchers conclude that the exclusion from the workplace and tempting welfare schemes may be behind this development. Many of the findings in the report is ominous.
Only one of three in the first wave of immigrant workers from Pakistan and Turkey is now in the job - the rest receive disability benefits. In the Norwegian control of the same age are two of three in the job.
The pattern is repeated for those who came afterwards in connection with family reunification.
Only half of the Somali men are in the job seven years after they came to Norway.
40 percent of Iranian women receive social security after 18 years in the country.
Almost all groups experienced a decline in employment after 10-15 years in Norway.
After 25 years of residence is half of the immigrants Social Security recipients.
Many women from Somalia have received transitional benefits for divorced women. Three out of four among the first Somali women who came to Norway, has received transitional allowance. The number is startling when another group of Muslims, Norwegian-Pakistani women, is far below the Norwegian average for the receipt of such benefits.
Many exceptions
Although several patterns recur for all groups, there are many exceptions.
Immigrants from Chile and Sri Lanka stands out not with a higher proportion of pensioners compared to the Norwegian-born.
A recurrent feature of migrant workers is that they have a higher proportion of employment share than Norwegian-born in the beginning. Only after some years they fall out of the workplace. This occurred partly at the same time that jobs in manufacturing disappeared in the 1980s the first wave of migrant workers. When they had lavlønnsjobber meant the transition to a low social economic losses.
For groups of refugees who have come to Norway later, the development is the opposite. Many people receive benefits in the beginning, while the percentage employed increases. The differences are still large between different groups. After 6-7 years in Norway is over 85 percent of Bosnians in the job, while only half of the Somali men have made it work.
Common features
But a common feature among different groups of researchers point out. Employment is growing at first, but begins to decline after 10-15 years in the country.
"There seems to be a structural feature of the Norwegian working life and / or its welfare schemes that expulsion or tightening mechanisms makes it difficult to exploit the immigrant workforce in full over time," write the researchers.
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